![]() A three dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model demonstrates the effectiveness of this approach and investigates the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of thermal NO X and fuel NO X in the turbulent combustion field of ammonia engines. In brief, an artificial elemental nitrogen is applied to the Zeldovich mechanism and to the diatomic nitrogen in the combustion air, which allows the formation of NO X from the elemental nitrogen in the ammonia fuel to be separated from the NO X formed from the nitrogen in the air. The purpose of this study is to fill this research gap and to propose a methodology for decoupling fuel NO X and thermal NO X. ![]() Decoupling fuel NO X and thermal NO X helps to increase the understanding of the formation and evolutionary characteristics of nitrogen oxides occurring inside ammonia engines, but the available literature lacks studies in this respect. ![]() Compared to conventional petroleum such as gasoline and diesel, ammonia combustion adds the fuel NO X formation mechanism in addition to the original thermal NO X generation pathway, which further complicates the NO X emission characteristics of ammonia engines. ![]() A concern when using ammonia in IC engines is the increased emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO X), due to the additional nitrogen in the ammonia molecule. Ammonia is a zero-carbon candidate fuel for the decarbonization of internal combustion (IC) engines. ![]()
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